[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"framework:mitre-attack\u002Ft1071-004":3},{"item":4,"lessons":18,"controls":56,"related":85},{"family":5,"item":6,"code":7,"title":8,"citations":9,"publisher":10,"summary_md":11,"official_text":12,"official_attribution":13,"official_url":14,"link_label":15,"note":16,"updated_at":17},"mitre-attack","t1071-004","T1071.004","DNS",9,"MITRE","**What attackers do.** Attackers hide command and control traffic inside DNS queries and responses, since DNS is needed almost everywhere and is often lightly monitored. This sub-technique serves the Command and Control tactic.\n\n**How to defend.** Force all endpoints to use internal DNS resolvers and block direct DNS to the internet. Log DNS queries centrally, use protective DNS services with threat intelligence, and consider blocking newly registered domains. Watch for DNS over HTTPS to unapproved resolvers, which bypasses these controls.\n\n**Signs to look for.** Look for long or random-looking subdomains, high query volumes to a single domain, unusual record types such as TXT used heavily, and hosts querying external resolvers directly. A common gap is not retaining DNS logs at all.","Adversaries may communicate using the Domain Name System (DNS) application layer protocol to avoid detection\u002Fnetwork filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server. \n\nThe DNS protocol serves an administrative function in computer networking and thus may be very common in environments. DNS traffic may also be allowed even before network authentication is completed. DNS packets contain many fields and headers in which data can be concealed. Often known as DNS tunneling, adversaries may abuse DNS to communicate with systems under their control within a victim network while also mimicking normal, expected traffic.\n\nDNS beaconing may be used to send commands to remote systems via DNS queries. A DNS beacon is created by tunneling DNS traffic (i.e. Protocol Tunneling). The commands may be embedded into different DNS records, for example, TXT or A records. DNS beacons may be difficult to detect because the beacons infrequently communicate with infected devices. Infrequent communication conceals the malicious DNS traffic with normal DNS traffic.","© The MITRE Corporation. This work is reproduced and distributed with the permission of The MITRE Corporation (MITRE ATT&CK®).","https:\u002F\u002Fattack.mitre.org\u002Ftechniques\u002FT1071\u002F004\u002F","Open the technique on MITRE ATT&CK",null,"2026-10-18T15:18:43.663+00:00",{"total":9,"list":19},[20,24,28,32,36,40,44,48,52],{"slug":21,"title":22,"published_at":23},"clickfix-malware-uses-dns-txt-records-and-browser-caching-to-evade-detection","ClickFix Malware Uses DNS TXT Records and Browser Caching to Evade Detection","2026-10-06T22:21:27.48+00:00",{"slug":25,"title":26,"published_at":27},"iranian-hackers-abuse-dns-and-cloud-apis-to-hide-c2-traffic","Iranian Hackers Abuse DNS and Cloud APIs to Hide C2 Traffic","2026-08-17T20:21:38.331+00:00",{"slug":29,"title":30,"published_at":31},"doublecup-clickfix-campaign-hides-rat-payloads-in-browser-cache-via-steganographic-pngs","DOUBLECUP ClickFix Campaign Hides RAT Payloads in Browser Cache via Steganographic PNGs","2026-08-04T13:20:39.76+00:00",{"slug":33,"title":34,"published_at":35},"behavioral-network-analysis-key-to-catching-stealthy-attacks-like-kerberoasting-and-dns-tunneling","Behavioral Network Analysis Key to Catching Stealthy Attacks Like Kerberoasting and DNS Tunneling","2026-07-31T12:21:52.155+00:00",{"slug":37,"title":38,"published_at":39},"public-wi-fi-gateway-compromise-used-to-steal-m365-credentials-via-dns-hijacking","Public Wi-Fi Gateway Compromise Used to Steal M365 Credentials via DNS Hijacking","2026-07-27T12:21:33.206+00:00",{"slug":41,"title":42,"published_at":43},"trickbot-uses-dns-tunneling-to-evade-detection-on-windows-systems","TrickBot Uses DNS Tunneling to Evade Detection on Windows Systems","2026-07-23T12:20:56.008+00:00",{"slug":45,"title":46,"published_at":47},"hollowgraph-malware-hijacks-microsoft-365-calendars-for-stealthy-cc","HollowGraph Malware Hijacks Microsoft 365 Calendars for Stealthy C&C","2026-07-21T12:20:24.99+00:00",{"slug":49,"title":50,"published_at":51},"hollowgraph-malware-abuses-microsoft-graph-api-for-covert-c2-via-calendar-events","HollowGraph Malware Abuses Microsoft Graph API for Covert C2 via Calendar Events","2026-07-20T18:20:26.927+00:00",{"slug":53,"title":54,"published_at":55},"labubarat-disguises-itself-as-nvidia-software-to-hijack-windows-systems","LabubaRAT Disguises Itself as NVIDIA Software to Hijack Windows Systems","2026-07-14T18:21:04.368+00:00",[57,62,67,72,76,80],{"slug":58,"name":59,"problem":60,"stories":61},"endpoint-detection-response","Endpoint detection and response (EDR and XDR)","Malware and hands-on-keyboard attackers on laptops and servers get spotted and stopped.",5,{"slug":63,"name":64,"problem":65,"stories":66},"dns-web-filtering","DNS filtering and secure web gateway","Users cannot reach known-malicious sites, and malware cannot phone home.",4,{"slug":68,"name":69,"problem":70,"stories":71},"identity-threat-detection","Identity threat detection and response (ITDR)","Attackers who log in with real, stolen credentials get noticed.",3,{"slug":73,"name":74,"problem":75,"stories":71},"network-detection-response","Network detection and response (NDR)","Attackers moving between systems inside the network get seen.",{"slug":77,"name":78,"problem":79,"stories":71},"threat-intelligence","Threat intelligence","Attack campaigns reach your sector, suppliers or software before your team hears about them.",{"slug":81,"name":82,"problem":83,"stories":84},"data-loss-prevention","Data loss prevention (DLP)","Sensitive data cannot quietly leave by email, upload, USB stick or AI tool.",2,[86,91,95,100,105,109,113,117],{"family":87,"item":88,"code":89,"title":90,"together":9},"cis","13","Control 13","Network Monitoring and Defense",{"family":87,"item":92,"code":93,"title":94,"together":61},"6","Control 6","Access Control Management",{"family":96,"item":97,"code":98,"title":99,"together":66},"nist-800-53","sc-7","SC-7","Boundary Protection",{"family":101,"item":102,"code":103,"title":104,"together":66},"gdpr","32","Article 32","Security of processing",{"family":87,"item":106,"code":107,"title":108,"together":66},"9","Control 9","Email and Web Browser Protections",{"family":87,"item":110,"code":111,"title":112,"together":66},"8","Control 8","Audit Log Management",{"family":96,"item":114,"code":115,"title":116,"together":66},"ac-17","AC-17","Remote Access",{"family":96,"item":118,"code":119,"title":120,"together":66},"si-3","SI-3","Malicious Code Protection"]