[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"framework:nist-800-53\u002Fpt-2":3},{"item":4,"lessons":18,"controls":67,"related":97},{"family":5,"item":6,"code":7,"title":8,"citations":9,"publisher":10,"summary_md":11,"official_text":12,"official_attribution":13,"official_url":14,"link_label":15,"note":16,"updated_at":17},"nist-800-53","pt-2","PT-2","Authority to Process Personally Identifiable Information",129,"US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)","**What it asks for.** The organisation must determine and document the authority that permits it to process personally identifiable information, and restrict processing to what that authority allows.\n\n**In practice.** For European organisations this closely mirrors identifying a lawful basis under GDPR Article 6, and Article 9 conditions for special categories. Good practice is a record of processing activities that states the legal basis for each purpose, reviewed by privacy or legal staff, and controls that stop processing outside that scope. Auditors expect the record, data protection impact assessments where needed and evidence that new processing is reviewed before launch.\n\n**Common gaps.** Common gaps are processing that has grown beyond its documented basis and records that are not kept up to date. New tools and AI features are often introduced without checking the basis for processing.","a. Determine and document the [Assignment: organization-defined authority] that permits the [Assignment: organization-defined processing] of personally identifiable information; and\n  b. Restrict the [Assignment: organization-defined processing] of personally identifiable information to only that which is authorized.\nDiscussion: The processing of personally identifiable information is an operation or set of operations that the information system or organization performs with respect to personally identifiable information across the information life cycle. Processing includes but is not limited to creation, collection, use, processing, storage, maintenance, dissemination, disclosure, and disposal. Processing operations also include logging, generation, and transformation, as well as analysis techniques, such as data mining.\n\nOrganizations may be subject to laws, executive orders, directives, regulations, or policies that establish the organization’s authority and thereby limit certain types of processing of personally identifiable information or establish other requirements related to the processing. Organizational personnel consult with the senior agency official for privacy and legal counsel regarding such authority, particularly if the organization is subject to multiple jurisdictions or sources of authority. For organizations whose processing is not determined according to legal authorities, the organization’s policies and determinations govern how they process personally identifiable information. While processing of personally identifiable information may be legally permissible, privacy risks may still arise. Privacy risk assessments can identify the privacy risks associated with the authorized processing of personally identifiable information and support solutions to manage such risks.\n\nOrganizations consider applicable requirements and organizational policies to determine how to document this authority. For federal agencies, the authority to process personally identifiable information is documented in privacy policies and notices, system of records notices, privacy impact assessments, [PRIVACT](#18e71fec-c6fd-475a-925a-5d8495cf8455) statements, computer matching agreements and notices, contracts, information sharing agreements, memoranda of understanding, and other documentation.\n\nOrganizations take steps to ensure that personally identifiable information is only processed for authorized purposes, including training organizational personnel on the authorized processing of personally identifiable information and monitoring and auditing organizational use of personally identifiable information.","From NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5, a work of the US government in the public domain.","https:\u002F\u002Fcsrc.nist.gov\u002Fpubs\u002Fsp\u002F800\u002F53\u002Fr5\u002Fupd1\u002Ffinal","Open SP 800-53 at NIST",null,"2026-10-18T15:18:43.663+00:00",{"total":9,"list":19},[20,24,28,32,36,40,44,48,52,55,59,63],{"slug":21,"title":22,"published_at":23},"cross-jurisdictional-law-enforcement-surveillance-of-political-activists-raises-civil-liberties-alar","Cross-Jurisdictional Law Enforcement Surveillance of Political Activists Raises Civil Liberties Alarms","2026-10-16T20:20:31.596+00:00",{"slug":25,"title":26,"published_at":27},"xandr-fined-86m-for-processing-grindr-users-sensitive-data-without-consent","Xandr Fined €8.6M for Processing Grindr Users' Sensitive Data Without Consent","2026-10-16T10:20:42.098+00:00",{"slug":29,"title":30,"published_at":31},"iqvia-fined-7m-by-italys-dpa-for-gdpr-violations-exposing-3780-patients-health-data","IQVIA Fined €7M by Italy's DPA for GDPR Violations Exposing 3,780 Patients' Health Data","2026-10-14T10:20:50.218+00:00",{"slug":33,"title":34,"published_at":35},"xandr-fined-86m-for-unlawfully-sharing-grindr-users-sexual-orientation-data","Xandr Fined €8.6M for Unlawfully Sharing Grindr Users' Sexual Orientation Data","2026-10-13T16:21:46.652+00:00",{"slug":37,"title":38,"published_at":39},"xandr-fined-85m-for-processing-grindr-users-sensitive-data-without-valid-consent-in-re-1791908476956","Xandr Fined €8.5M for Processing Grindr Users' Sensitive Data Without Valid Consent in Real-Time Bidding","2026-10-13T16:21:16.914+00:00",{"slug":41,"title":42,"published_at":43},"croatian-gambling-operator-fined-259m-for-gdpr-consent-and-biometric-data-failures","Croatian Gambling Operator Fined €2.59M for GDPR Consent and Biometric Data Failures","2026-10-13T14:20:51.771+00:00",{"slug":45,"title":46,"published_at":47},"xandr-fined-85m-for-unlawful-processing-of-sensitive-grindr-user-data-in-real-time-bidding","Xandr Fined €8.5M for Unlawful Processing of Sensitive Grindr User Data in Real-Time Bidding","2026-10-13T14:20:35.881+00:00",{"slug":49,"title":50,"published_at":51},"xandr-fined-85m-for-processing-grindr-users-sensitive-data-without-valid-consent","Xandr Fined €8.5M for Processing Grindr Users' Sensitive Data Without Valid Consent","2026-10-13T12:20:47.783+00:00",{"slug":53,"title":38,"published_at":54},"xandr-fined-85m-for-processing-grindr-users-sensitive-data-without-valid-consent-in-real-time-biddin","2026-10-13T12:20:33.036+00:00",{"slug":56,"title":57,"published_at":58},"iqvia-fined-7m-for-gdpr-failures-after-patient-data-breach","IQVIA Fined €7M for GDPR Failures After Patient Data Breach","2026-10-12T12:21:24.347+00:00",{"slug":60,"title":61,"published_at":62},"xandr-fined-85m-for-unlawful-data-processing-under-gdpr","Xandr Fined €8.5M for Unlawful Data Processing Under GDPR","2026-10-12T06:20:19.858+00:00",{"slug":64,"title":65,"published_at":66},"croatian-gambling-operator-fined-259m-for-gdpr-biometric-and-consent-violations","Croatian Gambling Operator Fined €2.59M for GDPR Biometric and Consent Violations","2026-10-11T22:20:30.87+00:00",[68,73,78,83,88,92],{"slug":69,"name":70,"problem":71,"stories":72},"compliance-automation","Compliance automation (GRC)","Evidence for NIS2, DORA and ISO 27001 is collected continuously, not in a rush before the audit.",41,{"slug":74,"name":75,"problem":76,"stories":77},"data-loss-prevention","Data loss prevention (DLP)","Sensitive data cannot quietly leave by email, upload, USB stick or AI tool.",33,{"slug":79,"name":80,"problem":81,"stories":82},"cloud-security-posture","Cloud security posture management (CSPM and CNAPP)","Misconfigured cloud storage and over-permissive roles get caught before they leak.",11,{"slug":84,"name":85,"problem":86,"stories":87},"ai-security","AI application security","Prompt injection, data leaks through AI tools and unapproved AI use get caught.",6,{"slug":89,"name":90,"problem":91,"stories":87},"identity-governance","Identity governance and single sign-on","People who leave or change roles lose access everywhere at once, and forgotten accounts stop piling up.",{"slug":93,"name":94,"problem":95,"stories":96},"email-authentication","Email authentication (DMARC)","Nobody can send email that pretends to come from your domain.",4,[98,104,110,116,121,126,131,136],{"family":99,"item":100,"code":101,"title":102,"together":103},"cis","3","Control 3","Data Protection",122,{"family":105,"item":106,"code":107,"title":108,"together":109},"gdpr","5","Article 5(1)(f)","Principles relating to processing of personal data",98,{"family":111,"item":112,"code":113,"title":114,"together":115},"iso","27701","ISO\u002FIEC 27701","ISO\u002FIEC 27701: Privacy information management systems",87,{"family":117,"item":118,"code":119,"title":119,"together":120},"itil","overview","ITIL",86,{"family":122,"item":118,"code":123,"title":124,"together":125},"nist-privacy","Privacy Framework","NIST Privacy Framework",84,{"family":105,"item":127,"code":128,"title":129,"together":130},"6","Article 6","Lawfulness of processing",78,{"family":105,"item":132,"code":133,"title":134,"together":135},"35","Article 35","Data protection impact assessment",60,{"family":105,"item":137,"code":138,"title":139,"together":140},"13","Article 13","Information to be provided where personal data are collected from the data subject",50]