[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"framework:nist-800-53\u002Fsc-28":3},{"item":4,"lessons":18,"controls":68,"related":98},{"family":5,"item":6,"code":7,"title":8,"citations":9,"publisher":10,"summary_md":11,"official_text":12,"official_attribution":13,"official_url":14,"link_label":15,"note":16,"updated_at":17},"nist-800-53","sc-28","SC-28","Protection of Information at Rest",194,"US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)","**What it asks for.** The confidentiality and\u002For integrity of defined information at rest must be protected.\n\n**In practice.** Typical measures are full-disk encryption on laptops and mobile devices, encryption of databases, storage and backups with properly managed keys, and access controls on storage locations. Auditors look for encryption coverage reports, key management procedures and evidence that sensitive data stores are identified. ISO\u002FIEC 27001 cryptography controls and GDPR security of processing make similar demands. Data classification helps decide where stronger options, such as customer-managed keys or application-level encryption, are justified.\n\n**Common gaps.** Encryption is often switched on with provider-managed keys without considering who can access the keys. Data copies in exports, file shares and analytics platforms are frequently overlooked. Encryption at rest also does little against an attacker who uses a legitimate account, so it must be paired with access control.","Protect the [Selection: confidentiality; integrity] of the following information at rest: [Assignment: organization-defined information at rest].\nDiscussion: Information at rest refers to the state of information when it is not in process or in transit and is located on system components. Such components include internal or external hard disk drives, storage area network devices, or databases. However, the focus of protecting information at rest is not on the type of storage device or frequency of access but rather on the state of the information. Information at rest addresses the confidentiality and integrity of information and covers user information and system information. System-related information that requires protection includes configurations or rule sets for firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems, filtering routers, and authentication information. Organizations may employ different mechanisms to achieve confidentiality and integrity protections, including the use of cryptographic mechanisms and file share scanning. Integrity protection can be achieved, for example, by implementing write-once-read-many (WORM) technologies. When adequate protection of information at rest cannot otherwise be achieved, organizations may employ other controls, including frequent scanning to identify malicious code at rest and secure offline storage in lieu of online storage.","From NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5, a work of the US government in the public domain.","https:\u002F\u002Fcsrc.nist.gov\u002Fpubs\u002Fsp\u002F800\u002F53\u002Fr5\u002Fupd1\u002Ffinal","Open SP 800-53 at NIST",null,"2026-10-18T15:18:43.663+00:00",{"total":9,"list":19},[20,24,28,32,36,40,44,48,52,56,60,64],{"slug":21,"title":22,"published_at":23},"claude-code-desktop-flaw-enabled-html-based-credential-theft","Claude Code Desktop Flaw Enabled HTML-Based Credential Theft","2026-10-16T18:20:18.997+00:00",{"slug":25,"title":26,"published_at":27},"burger-king-japan-breach-exposes-11m-app-users-personal-data","Burger King Japan Breach Exposes 11M App Users' Personal Data","2026-10-16T15:20:48.695+00:00",{"slug":29,"title":30,"published_at":31},"vibetech-exposes-137m-records-in-unsecured-database","Vibetech Exposes 13.7M Records in Unsecured Database","2026-10-15T16:20:19.435+00:00",{"slug":33,"title":34,"published_at":35},"centerpoint-energy-breach-exposes-1m-texans-pii-via-cybercrime-forum-disclosure","CenterPoint Energy Breach Exposes 1M+ Texans' PII via Cybercrime Forum Disclosure","2026-10-15T10:20:22.506+00:00",{"slug":37,"title":38,"published_at":39},"zero-click-sneakpeek-flaw-silently-exfiltrates-developer-credentials-from-claude-code","Zero-Click 'SneakPeek' Flaw Silently Exfiltrates Developer Credentials from Claude Code","2026-10-14T22:21:07.285+00:00",{"slug":41,"title":42,"published_at":43},"critical-litellm-flaws-allow-privilege-escalation-and-api-key-theft","Critical LiteLLM Flaws Allow Privilege Escalation and API Key Theft","2026-10-13T18:21:57.75+00:00",{"slug":45,"title":46,"published_at":47},"romanian-dpa-fines-customer-care-firm-5000-after-data-breach-exposes-sensitive-employee-and-banking-","Romanian DPA Fines Customer Care Firm €5,000 After Data Breach Exposes Sensitive Employee and Banking Data","2026-10-09T16:20:25.34+00:00",{"slug":49,"title":50,"published_at":51},"critical-flaws-in-grid-protection-alliance-software-enable-unauthenticated-rce","Critical Flaws in Grid Protection Alliance Software Enable Unauthenticated RCE","2026-10-08T18:21:30.364+00:00",{"slug":53,"title":54,"published_at":55},"advantest-ransomware-attack-exposes-sensitive-personal-data-months-later","Advantest Ransomware Attack Exposes Sensitive Personal Data Months Later","2026-10-07T14:21:11.519+00:00",{"slug":57,"title":58,"published_at":59},"critical-atlassian-flaw-exploited-after-poc-goes-public","Critical Atlassian Flaw Exploited After PoC Goes Public","2026-10-07T14:20:55.127+00:00",{"slug":61,"title":62,"published_at":63},"phishing-email-exposes-13m-records-in-arizona-court-breach","Phishing Email Exposes 1.3M Records in Arizona Court Breach","2026-10-07T02:20:25.376+00:00",{"slug":65,"title":66,"published_at":67},"shinyhunters-arrests-highlight-dangers-of-large-scale-credential-theft","ShinyHunters Arrests Highlight Dangers of Large-Scale Credential Theft","2026-10-06T10:20:20.441+00:00",[69,74,79,84,89,94],{"slug":70,"name":71,"problem":72,"stories":73},"encryption-key-management","Encryption and key management","Stolen data stays unreadable, and the keys stay under your control.",76,{"slug":75,"name":76,"problem":77,"stories":78},"data-loss-prevention","Data loss prevention (DLP)","Sensitive data cannot quietly leave by email, upload, USB stick or AI tool.",49,{"slug":80,"name":81,"problem":82,"stories":83},"incident-response-retainer","Incident response retainer","Experts are on call before the worst day, not searched for during it.",43,{"slug":85,"name":86,"problem":87,"stories":88},"endpoint-detection-response","Endpoint detection and response (EDR and XDR)","Malware and hands-on-keyboard attackers on laptops and servers get spotted and stopped.",36,{"slug":90,"name":91,"problem":92,"stories":93},"patch-management","Automated patch management","Known holes get closed in days, not months.",26,{"slug":95,"name":96,"problem":97,"stories":93},"vulnerability-management","Vulnerability scanning and prioritisation","You know which systems are vulnerable, and which ones to fix first.",[99,105,111,116,121,126,131,136],{"family":100,"item":101,"code":102,"title":103,"together":104},"cis","3","Control 3","Data Protection",156,{"family":106,"item":107,"code":108,"title":109,"together":110},"gdpr","32","Article 32","Security of processing",138,{"family":100,"item":112,"code":113,"title":114,"together":115},"6","Control 6","Access Control Management",103,{"family":5,"item":117,"code":118,"title":119,"together":120},"ac-2","AC-2","Account Management",87,{"family":100,"item":122,"code":123,"title":124,"together":125},"13","Control 13","Network Monitoring and Defense",67,{"family":106,"item":127,"code":128,"title":129,"together":130},"33","Article 33","Notification of a personal data breach to the supervisory authority",58,{"family":5,"item":132,"code":133,"title":134,"together":135},"ac-3","AC-3","Access Enforcement",53,{"family":106,"item":137,"code":138,"title":139,"together":140},"25","Article 25","Data protection by design and by default",41]