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MalwareNov 9, 2026

Malicious bee-js npm Release and Swarm Desktop Releases Deliver SleepyDuck Ethereum C2 Backdoor

Malicious bee-js npm and Swarm Desktop releases delivered SleepyDuck backdoor via compromised GitHub automation.

A threat actor compromised Ethersphere's GitHub automation to publish malicious versions of @ethersphere/bee-js to npm and Swarm Desktop to GitHub. These releases contained a loader that fetched JavaScript from a remote server, executing it with full Node.js privileges. The campaign reuses infrastructure previously documented in the SleepyDuck/EtherDuck campaign, indicating a connection to ongoing threat actor activity.

AI summary of the linked source. Not reviewed by an editor. How this works

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The lesson from this incident

Full lesson

Threat actors compromised Ethersphere's GitHub automation pipeline to publish malicious versions of a trusted npm package and desktop application, embedding a loader that fetched and executed arbitrary JavaScript with full Node.js privileges. This is a classic software supply chain attack: by hijacking the build and release infrastructure rather than the source code directly, the attacker bypassed typical code review processes and inherited the trust users placed in the legitimate publisher. The reuse of infrastructure from a prior campaign (SleepyDuck/EtherDuck) suggests a persistent, targeted threat actor operating against the Ethereum ecosystem. This matters because downstream developers and end users who automatically consume package updates are silently compromised with no visible warning. Trust in open-source ecosystems depends on the integrity of CI/CD pipelines and package signing, both of which failed here.

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Indicators of Compromise

Extracted by AI from the linked source. Not reviewed by an editor. How this works

  • domain — api[.]frameworkmetrics[.]xyz

Entities

SleepyDuck (threat_actor)EtherDuck (threat_actor)@ethersphere/bee-js (product)Swarm Desktop (product)Ethersphere (vendor)Ethereum (technology)