What attackers do. Attackers exploit vulnerabilities in client software, such as browsers, document readers, office suites or messaging apps, to run code when a user opens content or visits a page. This serves the Execution tactic and often follows phishing or a drive-by compromise.
How to defend. Patch browsers, office suites and readers quickly and automatically, and remove unneeded client software and plugins. Enable exploit protection and sandboxing features, and open untrusted documents in protected or isolated views. Endpoint detection should watch what client applications spawn.
Signs to look for. Look for client applications crashing and then spawning unusual child processes, writing executables to disk or making unexpected network connections. A common gap is slow patching of less visible client software such as PDF tools or chat applications.